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A global carbon market?

Michael G. POLLITT

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 5-18 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0011-x

摘要：

This paper explores the prospects for a global carbon market as the centerpiece of any serious attempt to reach the ambitious goal for greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions set by climate scientists. My aim is to clarify the extent to which we know what policy might best support global decarbonisation. We begin by discussing what we might mean by a global carbon market and its theoretical properties. We then go on to discuss the EU Emissions Trading System experience and the recent experience with the Australian carbon tax. Next, we assess recent carbon market initiatives in the US and in China. My argument is that while establishing the amount of emissions required and dividing it up acceptably between countries requires an enormous scientific and international negotiations effort, the economic instruments to deliver the agreed targets are readily at hand.

关键词： carbon market carbon tax EU ETS

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CORRECTION to: A global carbon market?

Michael G. POLLITT

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 699-699 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0050-3

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Low-carbon technology calls for comprehensive electricity-market redesign

Yang YU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 128-130 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0020-9

摘要：

The energy transition also calls for electricity- market redesign. Low-carbon technologies will fundamentally reshape the electricity sector. The electricity generation and demand will be significantly unpredictable and uncontrollable thus require for a more sophisticated system operation to guarantee the grid stability and reliability. The higher difficulty induced by the green-technology penetration expose the electricity-market to a higher market-failure risk. Thus, the future low-carbon electricity-market and associated regulation scheme require a comprehensive new design.

关键词： low-carbon technology electricity-system operation market design

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面向高比例可再生能源消纳的电力市场建设及研究进展

成润婷,张勇军,李立浧,丁茂生,邓文扬,陈皓勇,林靖淳

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第2期页码 89-99 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.02.011

摘要：

完善的电力市场可在电力资源配置方面发挥决定性作用，是保证各类市场主体开展活跃的供需互动、促进可再生能源消纳的关键机制；针对性开展电力市场中影响可再生能源消纳因素的综合性分析，也是相关应用研究亟需。本文重点考虑全时间尺度下促进可再生能源消纳相关的交易机制，概述了国外典型电力市场结构及运行情况，梳理了相应电力市场结构及机制中促进可再生能源消纳的关键影响因素；围绕可再生能源消纳的多维关键影响因素，深入分析了我国各类市场结构和不同机制的建设现状，归纳出促进可再生能源消纳电力市场建设面临的挑战。从电力市场与碳市场、绿证市场耦合机制，可再生能源参与的中长期、现货交易及其衔接机制，面向高比例可再生能源的辅助服务市场，面向高比例可再生能源消纳的需求侧响应机制等方面，梳理了我国相关电力市场的学术研究进展。研究建议，实施多市场协同运作、中长期及现货交易衔接、辅助服务市场建设、需求响应机制建设等重点举措，支持面向高比例可再生能源消纳的电力市场建设。

关键词：可再生能源消纳；绿证市场；碳市场；辅助服务市场；需求侧响应

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Lessons from market reform for renewable integration in the European Union

Furong LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期页码 623-629 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0575-x

摘要：

The European Union (EU) has the most advanced, mature, and liberal energy markets that gave rise to the most dramatic drop in wholesale energy prices, whose fallen, however, has not been translated into a reduction in retail energy prices. Instead, energy prices in Europe rose above inflation year-in-year-out, and are considerably higher compared with major economic partners. This paper highlights the key limitations in the EU market designs and network access toward renewable integration, and the wide range of reforms that the EU is currently undertaken across the Member States to achieve two goals: to make the market fit for renewable, and to set a practical example of how a competitive economy can be built on a sustainable and affordable energy system. This paper concludes with key recommendations to developing nations, particularly in addressing heavy renewable curtailment.

关键词： wholesale energy market retail energy market market for renewables

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碳边境调节机制下近零碳制造体系建设研究

成润婷 ,张勇军 ,李立浧 ,丁茂生 ,林靖淳 ,章春锋 ,韩永霞

《中国工程科学》 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.037

摘要：

在国家“双碳”战略目标、欧盟碳排放交易体系改革的双重驱动下，我国制造业实施节能、减污、降碳协同增效，尽快实现低碳和零碳转型，成为关注焦点和发展亟需。本文重点探讨了欧盟碳边境调节机制（CBAM）对我国制造业的影响，基于此梳理了近零碳制造体系的概念特征，从关键技术、计量基础、市场驱动力等主要维度出发，详细阐述了近零碳制造体系的核心内容。分别从产品制造、电力供应两方面，提炼了近零碳制造体系的技术发展方向，建议形成“源网荷”碳计量系统以细化碳排放责任；借鉴国外碳市场发展经验并分析我国碳市场发展格局，在理论层面探讨了未来我国碳市场构建路径以促进近零碳制造体系发展。提出的近零碳制造体系实践方案，可为深化“双碳”背景下我国制造业高质量发展、开展CBAM背景下我国制造业低碳转型建设研究提供先导性和基础性参考。

关键词：欧盟碳排放交易体系；碳边境调节机制；零碳转型；碳排放计量；碳市场

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Effects of herding behavior of tradable green certificate market players on market efficiency: Insights

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 266-285 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0752-1

摘要： Tradable green certificate (TGC) scheme promotes the development of renewable energy industry which currently has a dual effect on economy and environment. TGC market efficiency is reflected in stimulating renewable energy investment, but may be reduced by the herding behavior of market players. This paper proposes and simulates an artificial TGC market model which contains heterogeneous agents, communication structure, and regulatory rules to explore the characteristics of herding behavior and its effects on market efficiency. The results show that the evolution of herding behavior reduces information asymmetry and improves market efficiency, especially when the borrowing is allowed. In addition, the fundamental strategy is diffused by herding evolution, but TGC market efficiency may be remarkably reduced by herding with borrowing mechanism. Moreover, the herding behavior may evolve to an equilibrium where the revenue of market players is comparable, thus the fairness in TGC market is improved.

关键词： tradable green certificate herding behavior evolution heterogeneous agent model complex network

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Toward energy finance market transition: Does China’s oil futures shake up global spots market?

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 409-424 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0207-3

摘要： China is breaking through the petrodollar system, establishing RMB-dominating crude oil futures market. The country is achieving a milestone in its transition to energy finance market internationalization. This study explores the price leadership of China’s crude oil futures and identifies its price co-movement to uncover whether it truly shakes up the global oil spots market. First, we find that for oil spots under different gravities, China’s oil futures is only a net price information receiver from light-, medium-, and heavy-gravity oil spots, but it has a relatively stronger price co-movement with these three spots. Second, for oil spots under different sulfur contents, China’s oil futures still has weak price leadership in sweet, neutral, and sour oil spots, but it has strong co-movement with them. Third, for oil spots under different geographical origins, China’s oil futures shows price leadership in East Asian and Australian oil spots at the medium- and long-run time scales and strong price co-movement with East Asian, Middle Eastern, Latin American and Australian oil spots. China’s oil futures may not have good price leadership in global spots market, but it features favorable price co-movement.

关键词： China’s oil futures price information spillover price co-movement BK spillover index BDECO model

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碳配额市场下以乙醇胺溶液进行碳捕集的电厂的优化竞标和运行：基于强化学习的Sarsa时间差分算法的解决

李子昂, 王美宏, 丁正桃

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第2期页码 257-265 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.014

摘要：

对于处在碳配额市场条件下以乙醇胺(MEA) 进行碳捕集的燃煤电厂，本文应用了基于强化学习的Sarsa 时间差分算法为其自行搜寻一种统一的竞标和运行策略。电厂的决策者的目的被定义为最大化电厂寿命下的贴现累计利润。其中，我们引入以下两个限制条件：一是碳捕集的高能耗和电力生产之间的权衡；二是碳排放交易市场中竞得的碳配额数量与电力生产导致的实际碳排放量的近似相等。本文给出了三个案例方便研究。第一个案例中，我们展示了Sarsa 算法将收敛到一个确定且优化的竞标和运行策略。第二个案例中，相互独立设计的运行和竞标策略与统一设计的运行和竞标策略相互比较，以表明加入了随时间变化、市场导向的碳捕集水平后，Sarsa 算法将有助于电厂决策者获得更高的贴现累计利润。第三个案例则引入了处在同一碳配额市场的另一电厂作为原电厂的竞争对手。两家电厂设置了相同的发电和二氧化碳捕集设备，但新电厂采用不同的策略获得利润。比较两家电厂的贴现累计利润，结果表明：采用Sarsa 学习算法、找到统一的竞标和运行策略的原电厂会更具竞争力。

关键词：电厂燃烧后碳捕集化学吸收碳配额市场决策优化强化学习

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An emerging market for groundwater remediation in China: Policies, statistics, and future outlook

Deyi Hou, Guanghe Li, Paul Nathanail

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1027-x

摘要： There is a rapidly emerging and potentially huge market for the remediation of contaminated groundwater in China. The Chinese government published a Water Action Plan in April 2015, a Soil Action Plan in May 2016, and a draft Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law in June 2017. All of these new policies and regulations put pressures on local governments and contaminated site owners, obliging them to conduct site investigation and to cleanup contaminated groundwater. The Chinese population in northern regions heavily depend on groundwater, with nearly 70% of water supply coming from aquifer sources in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. However, poor groundwater quality due to natural geochemical background and anthropogeic pollution is a serious concern, with poor or very poor quality water observed in nearly 80% of groundwater monitoring wells in 17 northern provinces. Shallow groundwater in many areas has been contaminated by toxic pollutants such as heavy metals and chlorinated organic compounds. There is an urgent need to better understand the situation and to conduct groundwater remediation at contaminated sites. The Chinese government is investing heavily in the research and development for groundwater remediation, which is expected to greatly add to the quality and quantity of groundwater remediation projects in the near future.

关键词： Groundwater pollution Contaminated land Groundwater remediation Emerging market

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Role of local governments in fostering the development of an emerging industry: A market-oriented policy

Jun JIN, Maureen McKELVEY, Ying DONG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第3期页码 447-458 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0104-6

摘要： This research investigates the role of local governments in stimulating an emerging industry and focuses on the specific growth of the new energy vehicle industry in Hangzhou, China. This research confirms that enabling firms to access emerging technology, acquire financial support, and touch customers and/or suppliers are critical to foster the emergence and development of industries. Moreover, the primary contribution of this study is to emphasize the support of the local government in the development of emerging industries on the perspective of the creation of a large-scale market demand. The creation of large-scale market demand may inspire actors to be proactive in responding to these incentives; thus, public and private actions may help increase the accessibility to technology, infrastructure, and finances. Hence, a market-oriented policy that incentivizes the creation and expansion of market demand among diverse public and private actors should be seen as the key issue for the emergence and growth of emerging industries. Policies should also be adopted promptly with the development of the market.

关键词： market demand local government new energy vehicles

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碳中和政策机制及社会共识的国际经验与启示

杨雷,毕云青,郑平,金之钧

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第6期页码 101-107 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.06.011

摘要：

现阶段，大部分发达国家碳排放已达峰且进入排放快速下降时期，纷纷出台更加积极有效的措施，力争在实现碳中和的同时占据新兴产业发展的优势地位。本文旨在梳理发达国家实现碳达峰、推进碳中和过程中的政策机制及促进社会共识方面的相关措施，为我国提供发展借鉴。梳理不同发达国家的经验并比较分析了其可取之处，总结了发达国家碳中和政策机制方面给我们带来的启发，据此形成我国碳中和路径的发展建议。国际经验表明，碳中和是一项系统工程，需要多措并举、有序推进，在减少转型成本的同时加快培育新兴产业；碳中和愿景的实现需要完善的市场化机制并加快能源市场化改革；碳中和不仅是能源和经济的转型，也将对个人的生活方式带来改变，因而普遍的社会共识是成功实现碳中和的重要保障。研究建议，做好顶层设计和分阶段的碳减排行动计划，加快和深化能源市场化改革，加强社会动员以凝聚公众的全面共识，不断深化国际合作。

关键词：碳中和国际经验系统工程能效市场化改革社会共识

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A review of metro construction in China: Organization, market, cost, safety and schedule

Lieyun DING, Jie XU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第1期页码 4-19 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017015

摘要： China is now in an era of large-scale metro construction. This paper reviews the nature of Chinese metro engineering with a specific focus on its organization and market mode, cost structure, safety control and schedule management. Then, an examination on recent research in metro engineering of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) is also conducted, which indicates that information and automation based technologies are increasingly used in practice.

关键词： metro engineering construction status construction challenges NSFC

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Evaluation of global niobium flow modeling and its market forecasting

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 286-293 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0823-y

摘要： Metal, as the indispensable material, is functioning the society from technology to the environment. Niobium (Nb) is considered a unique earth metal as it is related to many emerging technologies. The increasing economic growth exerts an increasing pressure on supply, which leads to its significance in the economic sector. However, few papers have addressed Nb sustainability, which forms the scope of this paper in order to start the process of Nb market forecasting based on some previous data and some assumptions. Therefore, this paper will discuss different thoughts in material substitution and the substance flow of Nb throughout a static flow using Nb global data to have a better understanding of the process of Nb from production to end of life. This shall lead to the identification of the market needs to determine its growth which is around 2.5% to 3.0%. Moreover, due to China’s huge Nb consumption which comes from the continuous development that is happening over the years, it will also briefly mention the Nb situation as well as its growth which according to statistics will grow steadily till 2030 by a rate of 4.0% to 6.0%. The results show that there should be some enhancement to Nb recycling potentials out of steel scrap. In addition, there should be more involvement of Nb in different industries as this would lead to less-used materials which can be translated to less environmental impact.

关键词： niobium (Nb) sustainability substance flow analysis recycling industrial ecology

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Demand response based congestion management in a mix of pool and bilateral electricity market model

Ashwani KUMAR, Charan SEKHAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 164-178 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0187-9

摘要： The independent system operator (ISO) is a key element in the deregulated structure with one of the responsibilities of transmission congestion management (CM). The ISO opts market based solutions to manage congestion receiving bids from generation companies (GENCOs) as well as distribution companies (DISCOMs) to reschedule their generation and relocate demand. The nodal prices increases during the congestion hours and the demand response to nodal prices will be an effective tool for the control of congestion. In this paper, demand response-based CM has been proposed for a mix of pool and bilateral electricity market model. The linear bid curves have been considered for demand bids to respond to the congestion in the network. The bilateral demand has been obtained with minimum deviations in their preferred schedule. The impact of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices viz static var compensator (SVC) and thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) has also been considered for demand management during congestion. Multi-line congestion cases have been considered to study the impact on demand response without and with FACTS devices. The proposed approach has been tested on the IEEE 24 bus test system.

关键词： bid function congestion management (CM) demand response pool+bilateral electricity market static var compensator (SVC) thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC)